In recent years, South China Sea problem has become a hot topic of the Asia Pacific region. South China Sea problem is neither a single problem nor a pure problem of the international maritime law. South China Sea problem is a problem which involves many subjects and fields such as natural geography, history, politics, diplomacy, law, military and economy etc.. There are many complicated and confused connections in between these problems. This book draws up a brief introduction of some basic information basic knowledge about the natural condition and related law problems of the South China Sea and provide the readers who pay attention to the South China Sea for reference.